Castor and Pollux were twin sons of Zeus, ruler of the Olympian gods who took the form of a magnificent swan to attract their mortal mother, Leda. Castor was a celebrated horseman, while Pollux was a highly skilled boxer. For their heroic exploits with the Argonauts and during the Calydonian boar hunt, they were transformed upon death into the constellation Gemini. Today they are perhaps best known as "the Dioscuri".
Rubens depicted Castor and Pollux abducting their first cousins--the daughters of their uncle, Leukyppos, who bore the names Phoebe and Hilaera respectively. Although the young women were already betrothed, Castor and Pollux were so enamored of them that they spirited the young women away and ultimately took them as wives.